Recession Archives

Housing Market Crash: What Happens to Homeowners if it Crashes?

January 23, 2023 by Marco Santarelli

How Does a Market Crash Affect Homeowners?

If home values fall quickly, purchasers may find themselves with underwater mortgages, which means they must either stay in the house until the market recovers or sell and lose money. Homeowners owe more on their mortgages than their homes were worth and can no longer just flip their way out of their homes if they cannot make the new, higher payments. Instead, they will lose their homes to foreclosure and often file for bankruptcy in the process. The housing crash begins to take its toll on homeowners and the real estate market.

The housing market has encountered significant obstacles over the previous century, but none, with the exception of the Great Depression of 1929, contributed to the decline in home prices that occurred during the Great Recession of 2007. Neither the 20 percent interest rates of the early 1980s nor the devastation of the savings and loan sector in the early 1990s led to a similar drop in property values.

<<<Also Read: Will the Housing Market Crash in 2023? >>>

It is also worth remembering that not all economic downturns chill the property market. In reality, throughout the 2001 recession, the housing market and house demand remained strong despite the economic slump. Throughout the course of the last century, the housing market has been subjected to a number of significant obstacles; but, with the exception of 1929's Great Depression, none of these problems have resulted in a decline in home values on par with that of 2007's Great Recession.

The interest rates of 20 percent in the early 1980s and the devastation of the savings and loan business in the early 1990s did not lead to a similar drop in the value of homes. It is also important to note that the housing market is not always affected negatively by recessions. Despite the fact that the economy was in a slump during the recession that began in 2001, the housing market and demand for homes continued to be healthy.

The previous housing bubble in the United States in the mid-2000s was caused in part by another bubble, this time in the technology industry. It was intimately tied to, and some believe was the cause of, the 2007-2008 financial crisis. During the late 1990s dot-com bubble, many new technology companies' stock was purchased quickly. Speculators bought up the market capitalizations of even firms that had yet to create earnings. By 2000, the Nasdaq peaked, and when the tech bubble burst, many high-flying equities plummeted.

After the dot-com bubble bust and stock market crisis, speculators fled to real estate. In response to the technology bust, the U.S. Federal Reserve lowered and maintained interest rates. This rush of money and credit met with government programs to encourage homeownership and financial market developments that improved real estate asset liquidity. More people bought and sold homes as home prices soared.

What Happened to Homeowners When The Housing Market Crashed?

In the next six years, the homeownership craze developed as interest rates fell and lending standards were relaxed. An increase in subprime borrowing began in 1999. Fannie Mae made a determined attempt to make home loans more accessible to borrowers with weaker credit scores and funds than are generally needed by lenders. The intention was to assist everyone in achieving the American dream of homeownership.

Since these customers were deemed high-risk, their mortgages had unconventional terms, such as higher interest rates and variable payments. In 2005 and 2006, 20% of mortgages went to persons who didn't meet regular lending conditions. They were called Subprime borrowers. Subprime lending has a higher risk, given the lower credit rating of borrowers.

75% of subprime loans were adjustable-rate mortgages with low initial rates and a scheduled reset after two to three years. Government promotion of homeownership prompted banks to slash rates and credit criteria, sparking a house-buying frenzy that drove the median home price up 55% from 2000 to 2007. The US homeownership rate had increased to an all-time high of 69.2% in 2004.

During that same period, the stock market began to rebound, and by 2006 interest rates started to tick upward. Due to rising property prices, investors stopped buying homes because the risk premium was too great. Subprime lending was a major contributor to this increase in homeownership rates and in the overall demand for housing, which drove prices higher.

Borrowers who would not be able to make the higher payments once the initial grace period ended, were planning to refinance their mortgages after a year or two of appreciation. As a result of the depreciating housing prices, borrowers’ ability to refinance became more difficult. Borrowers who found themselves unable to escape higher monthly payments by refinancing began to default.

There was an increase in the number of foreclosures and properties available for sale as more borrowers defaulted on their mortgages. A drop in housing prices resulted, in lowering the equity of homeowners even more. Because of the fall in mortgage payments, the value of mortgage-backed securities dropped, which hurt banks' overall value and health. The problem was rooted in this self-perpetuating cycle.

By September 2008, average US property prices had fallen by more than 20% since their peak in mid-2006. Because of the significant and unexpected drop in house values, many borrowers now have zero or negative equity in their houses, which means their properties are worth less than their mortgages. As of March 2008, an estimated 8.8 million borrowers – 10.8 percent of all homeowners – were underwater on their mortgages, a figure that is expected to have climbed to 12 million by November 2008.

By September 2010, 23 percent of all homes in the United States were worth less than the mortgage loan. Borrowers in this circumstance have the incentive to default on their mortgages because a mortgage is normally non-recourse debt backed by real estate. As foreclosure rates rise, so does the inventory of available homes for sale.

In 2007, the number of new residences sold was 26.4 percent lower than the previous year. The inventory of unsold new houses in January 2008 was 9.8 times the sales volume in December 2007, the highest value of this ratio since 1981. Furthermore, about four million existing residences were for sale, with around 2.2 million of them being unoccupied.

The inability of Homeowners To Make Their Mortgage Payments

The inability of homeowners to make their mortgage payments was primarily due to adjustable-rate mortgage resetting, borrowers overextending, predatory lending, and speculation. Once property prices began to collapse in 2006, record amounts of household debt accumulated over the decades. Consumers started paying off debt, which decreases their spending and slows the economy for a prolonged period of time until debt levels decreased.

Housing speculation using high levels of mortgage debt drove many investors with prime-quality mortgages to default and enter foreclosure on investment properties when housing prices fell. As prices fell, more homeowners faced default or foreclosure. House prices are projected to fall further until the inventory of unsold properties (an example of excess supply) returns to normal levels. According to a January 2011 estimate, property prices in the United States fell by 26 percent from their high in June 2006 to November 2010, more than the 25.9 percent decrease experienced during the Great Depression from 1928 to 1933.

There were roughly 4 million finalized foreclosures in the United States between September 2008 and September 2012. In September 2012, over 1.4 million properties, or 3.3 percent of all mortgaged homes, were in some stage of foreclosure, up from 1.5 million, or 3.5 percent, in September 2011. In September 2012, 57,000 houses went into foreclosure, down from 83,000 the previous September but still far over the 2000-2006 monthly average of 21,000 completed foreclosures.

A variety of voluntary private and government-administered or supported programs were implemented during 2007–2009 to assist homeowners with case-by-case mortgage assistance, to mitigate the foreclosure crisis engulfing the U.S. During late 2008, major banks and both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac established moratoriums (delays) on foreclosures, to give homeowners time to work towards refinancing In 2009, over $75 billion of the package was specifically allocated to programs that help struggling homeowners. This program is referred to as the Homeowner Affordability and Stability Plan.

Is There a Housing Bubble in 2022?

When a new generation of homebuyers enters the market, housing bubbles often arise naturally as a result of population expansion. As a result of this expansion, the demand for housing is expected to rise. Speculators, excellent economic circumstances, low-interest rates, and a wide variety of financing alternatives are all elements that will lead to an increase in home values. Increased demand drives up costs because of the building time lag. Any time housing prices diverge significantly from demographically-based organic demand, the broader economy is at risk of entering a state of crisis.

The COVID-19 pandemic did not slow home prices at all. Instead, it skyrocketed. In September 2020, they were a record $226,800, according to the Case-Shiller Home Price Index. According to the National Association of Realtors, the sales rate hit 5.86 million houses in July 2020, rising to 6.86 million by October 2020, surpassing the pre-pandemic record. Many people were taking advantage of the low-interest rates to purchase either residential properties or income-based flats that appeared to be inexpensive.

Home prices rose 18.8% in 2021, according to the S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller US National Home Price Index, the biggest increase in 34 years of data and substantially ahead of the 2020s 10.4% gain. The median home sales price was $346,900 in 2021, up 16.9% from 2020, and the highest on record going back to 1999, according to the National Association of Realtors. Home sales had the strongest year since 2006, with 6.12 million homes sold, up 8.5% from the year before.

As speculators entered the market, home prices skyrocketed, exacerbating the housing market bubble. Now it reaches a time when home prices are no longer affordable to buyers. Rising prices make properties unsustainable, causing them to be overpriced. In other words, pricing increases. Low inventory, fierce competition, and large price increases have harmed purchasers since 2020, but quickly rising mortgage rates are making it much more difficult to find an affordable house.

As prices become unsustainable and interest rates rise, purchasers withdraw. Borrowers are discouraged from taking out loans when interest rates rise. On the other side, house construction will be affected as well; costs will rise, and the market supply of housing will shrink as a result. In contrast to a sudden jump, a sustained rise in interest rates will inflict little damage on the housing market.

Rising rent costs and mortgage rates, which increased from an average of just 3.2% at the beginning of the year to 5.81 percent by mid-June, have increased the cost of housing, pricing many individuals out of the market. This has resulted in a decline in house sales since an increasing number of individuals are unable to buy homes at the present inflated prices. According to NAR, existing-home sales declined for the fourth consecutive month in May, falling 3.4% from April and 8.6% from the same period last year.

Given the relative scarcity of available homes, the majority of analysts concur that a decline in housing prices is improbable. In addition to rising mortgage rates and subsequently less demand, a downturn might exert downward pressure on home prices. Despite many similarities to the housing bubble of 2008, the present housing market is quite different from it.

Homeowners with mortgages are not at a high risk of default, housing values are mostly determined by supply and demand rather than speculation, and lending rates continue to rise. Accordingly, the concept of a housing market crash is deemed improbable by a number of industry professionals. Many analysts believe that sky-high mortgage rates and the associated drop in housing demand will moderate the increase of home prices rather than result in any significant reversal in prices or a crash, which is generally defined as a widespread drop in home prices.

However, in the event that a more widespread recession hits the economy of the United States, the conditions might be created for a little decline in housing values. A deeper and more widespread economic downturn is likely to prompt a greater number of homeowners to sell their homes than would be the case otherwise. Because of the rise in available inventory, housing prices could experience some leveling out as a result.

It is also possible that a recession may just serve to limit the increase of property values, which is what many people anticipate would happen if interest rates continue to climb. However, it is still challenging to bring prices down because there are only limited properties available for purchase. The number of people applying for mortgages has already dropped by more than 50 percent since this time last year. It is not unrealistic to foresee a further decline in home demand given the impending implementation of additional rate increases. This will serve to rebalance the housing market, which is now squeezed, but it won't necessarily bring it to the point where it crashes.

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis#
https://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/09/subprime-market-2008.asp
https://www.forbes.com/advisor/mortgages/real-estate/will-housing-market-crash/
https://www.noradarealestate.com/blog/housing-prices/
https://investorplace.com/2022/06/what-would-cause-the-housing-market-to-crash-in-2022/
https://www.noradarealestate.com/blog/housing-market-predictions/

Economic Forecast 2022-2023: Forecast for Next 5 Years

December 22, 2022 by Marco Santarelli

Economists are increasingly confident that the economy will grind to a standstill and begin declining shortly. The Financial Times and the Initiative on Global Markets, a University of Chicago economic policy and market research center, surveyed 49 U.S. macroeconomics specialists at the beginning of June 2022. And the recession will likely happen next year.

National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) defines a recession as a severe fall in economic activity spanning two fiscal quarters. First-quarter GDP decreased by 1.5%. In late September, the B.E.A. will reveal second-quarter numbers. Nearly 70% of economists questioned anticipate the NBER will make this decision in 2023, with 38% predicting a recession in the first two quarters and 30% in the second.

Only one of the economists forecasts a recession this year, while 30% say it won't happen until 2024. Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine at the end of February, food, and gas costs have risen the most, causing inflation. More than half of the economists polled expected that the same forces—geopolitical worries arising from the Ukraine war and increased energy costs—would endure for the rest of 2022 and into 2023, putting pressure on inflation in the United States to rise further.

The study did not differentiate between a severe or moderate recession in 2023, but experts identified numerous variables that might minimize tighter monetary policy's negative economic repercussions. A quarter of experts believe that increased consumer spending through inflation will reduce losses and improve the possibilities of a mild economic decline.

The U.S. housing market, which has been red-hot for months and will likely remain so next year, might prevent a devastating recession. Over half of the experts polled believe that the active housing market would keep the US economy out of a terrible recession, joining the likes of mortgage corporation Fannie Mae, which has previously forecast that a hot housing market will soften the impact during a recession. The recent economic and housing forecast shows that the recession may begin in Q1 2023.

The Conference Board predicts modest economic growth this year and a brief recession in late 2022 and early 2023. This outlook is linked to inflation and the rising hawkishness of the Federal Reserve. They predict Real GDP growth of 1.7% in 2022 and 0.5% in 2023. They don't believe the US economy is in a recession but they're lowering their Q2 2022 growth forecast from 1.9% to 0.8%.

This reduction follows Q1 2022 GDP growth of -1.6% and weaker May and June economic data. Given recent changes in private inventories and trade flows, Q2 2022 might see negative growth for a second straight quarter. Given the strength of the US job market and domestic demand, they don't believe this would be a recession (especially for services). They don't see any signs of a recession.

Economic growth will slow in 2022, and a small recession is likely. High inflation and monetary tightness cause it. Eastern European conflict and other geopolitical events have boosted energy and food costs. China's COVID-19 lockdowns have affected supply lines. They estimate year-over-year inflation to peak in Q2 2022 after recent improvements on these issues. Inflation will be above 2% until 2023.

High inflation numbers make US monetary policy aggressive. The Fed has signaled that it intends to raise interest rates markedly over the coming months and that the Fed Funds rate will likely end 2022 in “restrictive” territory (above 3 percent) before continuing to rise potentially to 3.75-4.00 percent in 2023. Higher interest rates will slow spending, corporate investment, and the labor market.

OECD Economic Forecast 2022 [September]

The OECD Economic Outlook is the OECD’s twice-yearly analysis of the major global economic trends and prospects for the next two years. Prepared by the OECD Economics Department, the Outlook puts forward a consistent set of projections for output, employment, government spending, prices, and current balances based on a review of each member country and of the induced effect of each of them on international developments. The Interim Report September is an update on the assessment in the June 2022 issue of the OECD Economic Outlook.

The following is an overview of the global economic outlook for 2022 and 2023 against the backdrop of the Ukraine conflict.

The global economy has been hit by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
Global economic growth stalled in the second quarter of 2022, and indicators in many economies now point to an extended period of subdued growth.
The war has pushed up energy and food prices substantially, aggravating inflationary pressures at a time when the cost of living was already rising rapidly around the world.
Global growth is projected to slow from 3% in 2022 to 2¼ percent in 2023, well below the pace foreseen prior to the war.
In 2023, real global incomes could be around USD 2.8 trillion lower than expected a year ago (a shortfall of just over 2% of GDP in PPP terms).
Annual GDP growth is projected to slow sharply to ½ percent in the United States in 2023, and ¼ percent in the euro area, with risks of output declines in several European economies during the winter months.
Growth in China is projected to drop to 3.2% this year, amidst COVID-19 shutdowns and property market weakness, but policy support could help growth recover in 2023.
Inflation has become broad-based in many economies.
Tighter monetary policy and easing supply bottlenecks should moderate inflation pressures next year, but elevated energy prices and higher labor costs are likely to slow the pace of decline.
Headline inflation is projected to ease from 8.2% in 2022 to 6½ percent in 2023 in the G20 economies, and decline from 6.2% in the G20 advanced economies this year to 4% in 2023.
Significant uncertainty surrounds the projections.
More severe fuel shortages, especially for gas, could reduce growth in Europe by a further 1¼ percentage points in 2023, with global growth lowered by ½ percentage points, and raise European inflation by over 1½ percentage points.
Further interest rate increases are needed in most major economies to anchor inflation expectations and ensure that inflation pressures are reduced durably.
Fiscal support is needed to help cushion the impact of high energy costs on households and companies.
However, this should be temporary, concentrated on the most vulnerable, preserve incentives to reduce energy consumption, and be withdrawn as energy price pressures wane.
Short-term fiscal actions to cushion living standards should take into account the need to avoid further persistent stimulus at a time of high inflation and ensure fiscal sustainability.
Governments need to ensure that the goals of energy security and climate change mitigation are aligned.
Efforts to ensure near-term energy security and affordability through fiscal support, supply diversification, and lower energy consumption should be accompanied by stronger policy measures to enhance investment in clean technologies and energy efficiency.
The fallout from the war remains a threat to global food security, particularly if combined with further extreme weather events resulting from climate change.
International cooperation is needed to keep agricultural markets open, address emergency needs and strengthen supply.

Economic Forecast For 2022 & 2023: Recession May Begin Next Year

According to Fannie Mae's Economic and Strategic Research Group, real GDP will rise 0.1 percent in 2022 and fall 0.4 percent in 2023. In July, projections for full-year 2022 and 2023 real GDP growth were reduced owing to weaker consumer spending and a negative revision to corporate inventory investment statistics, amid record inflation and increasing interest rates. The ESR Group predicts that real GDP will grow by 0.1 percent in 2022 and decline by 0.4 percent in 2023, compared to the previously expected 1.2 percent increase and 0.1 percent decrease.

Important Points

The ESR Group expects inflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index, to have moderated to 5.7% on a year-over-year basis, down from the June reading of 9.1%.
Due to inflation, Fannie Mae is seeing homes listed for sale increasingly reducing prices, and both construction and home sales are receding.

Due to the forceful monetary policy response required of the Federal Reserve to bring inflation down from its present decade-high levels, the ESR Group now anticipates a recession to begin in the first quarter of 2023, sooner than originally anticipated. The ESR Group predicts inflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index, to have eased to 5.7 percent year on year by the fourth quarter of 2022, down from 9.1 percent in June, and then to 1.6 percent by the end of 2023, somewhat below the Fed's 2 percent objective.

Negative GDP growth in Q2 would mean two consecutive quarters of decline, which defines a recession. While a convenient rule of thumb, it is not the technical definition per the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), the official arbiter of business cycle timing. They do not believe a broad economic recession began in the first half of this year based on a holistic examination of economic data. The Omicron wave of COVID-19 and supply chain interruptions caused Q1 data anomalies not representative of the general economic trend.

Real Gross Domestic Income (GDI) grew 1.8% annualized in Q1 vs GDP's 1.6% drop. Business fixed investment, which decreases during a recession, surged by 10% annualized in Q1, signaling ongoing expansion. Historically, when a recession begins, the unemployment rate rises. In Q1, payroll employment growth was substantial, gaining over 500,000 jobs each month. In Q2, the unemployment rate stayed at a cycle low of 3.6%, and most non-GDP economic activity indicators are not yet pointing to a decline. Q3 GDP growth should be moderate.

Housing Sales Forecast Reduced Due to Weaker Economic Outlook

The ESR Group also revised its forecast for total home-sales growth in 2022 to a decline of 15.6%, compared to its June prediction of 13.5%. However, the group revised upward its home-price appreciation forecast to 16% year-over-year growth in 2022 from the previously projected 10.8%. They continue to expect a significant slowing in home price increase in the future due to the lag effects of rising mortgage rates and a deteriorating economy impacting buyer demand.

Both existing and new home sales came in for the month of May in line with ESR Group's expectations. The former declined 3.4% to 5.41 million units annually and 8.6% year-over-year. New house sales rose 10.7% in May after falling 12.0% in April. New house sales down 3.1% year-over-year. Despite current sales being near projections, they've lowered their 2022 and 2023 sales outlook.

This is motivated by a revised macroeconomic prognosis and an expected early recession. The group now expects 4.57 million yearly existing house sales in 2022, down from 4.83 million. Their prediction for existing sales in 2023 is 4.55 million units, down from 4.67 million. New home sales are expected to fall below 600,000 by the end of the year on a quarterly annualized basis and then remain at similar levels in 2023.

home sales outlook 2023 — Source: Fannie Mae

House Price Growth to Decelerate

The group expects house price growth to slow, although it was strong in the second quarter. Fannie Mae's Home Price Index shows house prices grew 19.4% year-over-year in Q2, down from Q1's 20.5%. They've increased their home price growth predictions for 2022 due to this strength, although they expect quarterly price growth to slow from 6% in Q2 to 1.5% by Q4 2022.

Home price changes tend to lag changes in home sales as prices tend to be “sticky”. Sellers are reluctant to lower their asking price, while buyers base their expectations on previous transactions. Price rise is moderating, though. Redfin reports that 7.1% of listings see price drops per week, up from 2% in March. Recently, asking prices have dropped. Realtor.com reports that active listings are up 28% from a year ago as of July 9. While this remains a tight market, the direction is clearly loosening.

house price growth outlook — Source: Fannie Mae

Mortgage Originations Outlook

Several variables changed their mortgage origination forecast. A modestly higher mortgage rate forecast along with a weaker GDP outlook led to a lower volume of expected loans originated, both for purchase money and refinance mortgages. However, the upward revision to their house price forecast increases the expected dollar size per loan originated.

Total mortgage originations are predicted to be $2.53 trillion in 2022, a $71 billion decrease from last month's prediction. Purchase volumes were reduced by $30 billion to $1.78 trillion and by $41 billion to $756 billion. In 2023, overall originations are expected to decline to $2.22 trillion, a $19 billion increase from last month's prediction due to higher buy originations. This is because higher home prices outweigh the down revision to home sales.

Economists' Outlook of a Recession

The NBER defines a recession as a widespread, multi-month drop in economic activity. The committee believes that severe circumstances exhibited by one criterion may somewhat counterbalance weaker indicators from another. For example, in the case of the February 2020 peak in economic activity, they concluded that the drop in activity had been so great and so widely diffused throughout the economy that the downturn should be classified as a recession even if it proved to be quite brief.

In April 2020, two months after the top, the committee decided on the trough. A recession-free time is an expansion. Most recessions are temporary; growth is usual. However, it may take a while for the economy to reach its earlier high. The NBER timeline does not specify when the economy began a recession or growth.

The start month of a recession, according to the NBER's norm, is the month after the peak, and the last month is the month of the trough. Because the most recent dip occurred in April 2020, the recession ended in April 2020, and the ensuing expansion began in May 2020. Imagine a March high and a September bottom. The recession lasts six months, from April to September. If the peak occurred in June of the next year, the expansion would run for nine months, from October to June.

Sources

https://www.conference-board.org/research/us-forecast
https://www.igmchicago.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/RESULTS-2022-06-06-Survey-05.pdf
https://fortune.com/2022/06/13/recession-economists-survey-2023-inflation-interest-rates/
https://www.fanniemae.com/research-and-insights/forecast/economic-growth-stagnating-face-high-inflation
https://www.noradarealestate.com/blog/housing-market-predictions/
https://www.nber.org/business-cycle-dating-procedure-frequently-asked-questions
https://www.bea.gov/news/2022/gross-domestic-product-second-estimate-and-corporate-profits-preliminary-first-quarter
https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/oecd-economic-outlook/volume-2022/issue-1_ae8c39ec-en

If The Housing Market Crashes What Happens To Interest Rates?

December 22, 2022 by Marco Santarelli

In the summer of 2022, there is a lot of speculation in the media that the slowing housing market is an indication that the market is headed for a housing crash. People who recall the subprime mortgage crisis are concerned that the recent spike in home prices followed by a pause signals the bursting of another housing bubble. But is the housing market truly in a bubble?

During a housing market crash, the value of a home decreases. You will find sellers that are eager to reduce their asking prices. Sellers may be more motivated to bargain on price or make concessions to buyers. Due to the crash, there may also be short sales and foreclosures, offering you the opportunity to acquire a deal. Many homebuyers may feel that obtaining a mortgage is too risky.

Recessions are temporary pauses in an otherwise booming economy, but they have an impact on the housing market and interest rates. This break, however, may be an excellent moment to purchase or refinance a property. Discuss with your lender how recessions affect interest rates, how you might reduce your mortgage rate, and how to mitigate your homebuying risk. Now, it's more likely that home prices will not crash, and will continue to rise, although at a slower pace.

There is a lower likelihood that a borrower would default on a mortgage. New laws and lessons learned from the 2008 financial crisis have resulted in tougher lending criteria in today's housing market compared to the previous one. Mortgage approval rates today are lower than they were in the pre-crisis era, which suggests that borrowers are less likely to default on their loans. Before the previous housing crash, it was popular for lenders to issue so-called “no-doc loans,” which did not require borrowers to submit proof of their income.

A minimum credit score and a minimum down payment are often required for government-backed loans. According to regulations, lenders must now check a borrower's capacity to repay the loan, among other conditions. Lending standards have tightened and new mortgage credit scores are substantially higher on average now than they were in the early 2000s.

It is also important to keep in mind that a recession will not have a significant impact on home prices if the supply and demand for housing fall at about the same time. Interest rates are one factor that may make a difference. Reduced mortgage rates and consequently lower house costs can bring properties that were previously out of reach within reach. You stand a better chance of your application being approved if you've got good credit.

What Happens to Interest Rates if the Housing Market Crashes?

In a recession, people do not spend, money does not move freely across the economy. They decide against spending and instead save for a better price the next day. Or they save money and do not spend it because they believe they should have precautionary savings. This is true for any industry, including real estate or the housing market.

The Federal Reserve may alter interest rates soon in an effort to minimize economic damage. Occasionally, this helps stabilize markets and boost consumer confidence, resulting in increased expenditure. The adjusted interest rate is used by lenders to determine their interest rates for loans and mortgages in any way possible.

Loans aren't in high demand during a recession since individuals are reluctant to spend money and want to preserve it. Mortgages come in a variety of forms, and each has its advantages and disadvantages, regardless of the economic climate. It's up to you to decide how much risk you're willing to take, but your lender may provide guidance.

The Great Recession left an everlasting imprint on future housing markets. During that period of economic downturn, a greater number of homeowners had mortgages that were upside-down, which means that they owed more on their property than it was worth. As a result of the turmoil that was caused by unemployment and the high levels of consumer debt, lenders were obliged to evaluate in a more strict manner.

The graph below depicts the average 30-year fixed-rate mortgage based on Freddie Mac data obtained from FRED at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. The shaded areas represent U.S. recessions. The most recent recession, which ran from February to April of 2020, was the COVID-19 pandemic.

Freddie Mac's weekly survey indicates that during this brief period, the 30-year fixed mortgage rate declined from 3.45 percent to 3.23 percent. Thereafter, rates continued to decline, reaching record lows in January 2021. Throughout the Great Recession, which lasted from December 2007 to June 2009, 30-year fixed mortgage rates fluctuated between 6.10 and 5.42 percent.

The Great Recession was sparked by the mortgage crisis, which led the global financial system to collapse. From March 2001 to November 2001, during the early 2000s recession, mortgage rates decreased from 6.95 percent to 6.66 percent. From July 1990 to March 1991, during the recession of the early 1990s, mortgage rates declined from around 10 percent to 9.5 percent.

In the early 1990s recession, which was from July 1981 to November 1982, interest rates fell from 16.83 percent to 13.82 percent. From January 1980 to July 1980, rates decreased rather slowly, from 12.88 percent to 12.19 percent. In every instance, mortgage rates decreased during a recession. Obviously, the reduction varied from as little as 0.22 percent to as much as around 3 percent.

The lone exception was the 1973-1975 recession, which was caused by the 1973 oil crisis and saw rates rise from 8.58 to 8.89 percent. That was a time of so-called stagflation, which, according to some analysts, is reoccurring but remains to be seen. Homeowners, potential house purchasers, and the mortgage sector will all be hoping for the latter, a large fall in mortgage rates.

Many economists equate the 1980s to the present day, so it's feasible that we'll finally see significant respite. How much farther will mortgage rates rise before a recession, if one occurs at all, is the question. Will the 30-year fixed rate continue to rise to 7 or 8 percent by the end of 2022 or the beginning of 2023, then decrease to 6 percent?

If this is the case, any fall associated with a recession would simply return rates to their current elevated level. In other words, brace for the worst while the Fed does its utmost to combat inflation and hope for a swift recovery. In either case, you may wish to bid farewell to mortgage rates between 3 and 4 percent, at least for the foreseeable future.

What Happens to My Mortgage if the Housing Market Crashes?

The 2008 housing crash imposed an enormous financial burden on US households. As house prices fell by 30 percent nationwide, roughly 1 in 4 homeowners was pushed underwater, eventually leading to 7 million foreclosures. After a housing bubble burst, property values in the United States plunged, precipitating a mortgage crisis. Between 2007 and 2010, the United States subprime mortgage crisis was a transnational financial crisis that led to the 2007–2008 global financial crisis.

It was precipitated by a sharp decrease in US house values following the bursting of a housing bubble, which resulted in mortgage delinquencies, foreclosures, and the depreciation of housing-related assets. The Great Recession was preceded by declines in home investment, which were followed by declines in consumer expenditure and subsequently business investment. In regions with a mix of high family debt and higher property price decreases, spending cuts were more pronounced.

The housing bubble that preceded the crisis was financed with mortgage-backed securities (MBSes) and collateralized debt obligations (CDOs), which initially provided higher interest rates (i.e., greater returns) than government securities as well as favorable risk ratings from rating agencies. Several large financial institutions collapsed in September 2008, resulting in a huge interruption in the supply of credit to businesses and individuals, as well as the commencement of a severe worldwide recession.

When property values in the United States fell precipitously after peaking in mid-2006, it became more difficult for borrowers to restructure their loans. Mortgage delinquencies skyrocketed as adjustable-rate mortgages began to reset at higher interest rates (resulting in higher monthly payments). Securities backed by mortgages, notably subprime mortgages, were extensively owned by financial firms throughout the world and lost the majority of their value.

Global investors also curtailed their purchases of mortgage-backed debt and other assets as the private financial system's ability and willingness to support lending declined. Concerns over the health of US credit and financial markets led to credit tightening globally and a slowing of economic development in the US and Europe.

Here's Why This Housing Slowdown Is Unlike Any Other

There aren’t as many risky loans or mortgage delinquencies, although high home prices are forcing many people out of the market. But if the Great Recession was triggered by a 2007-08 housing market crash, is today's market in a similar predicament? No, that's the simplest response. Today, the housing market in the United States is in much better shape. This is in part due to the stricter lending laws that were implemented as a result of the financial crisis. With these new guidelines, today's borrowers are in a far better position.

The average borrower's FICO credit score is a record high 751 for the 53.5 million first-lien home mortgages in the United States today. In 2010, it was 699, two years after the collapse of the banking industry. Considerably this is reflected in the credit quality as lenders have become much more rigorous about lending. As a result of pandemic-fueled demand, home prices have risen over the previous two years. Now homeowners have historic levels of equity in their homes.

According to Black Knight, a provider of mortgage technology and analytics, the so-called tappable equity, which is the amount of cash a borrower may withdraw from their house while still leaving 20% equity on paper, set a new high of $11 trillion this year. That's a 34% rise over the same period last year. Leverage, or the ratio of a homeowner's debt to the value of his or her house, has declined precipitously at the same time.

This is the lowest level of mortgage debt in US history, at less than 43 percent of home prices. When a borrower has more debt than the value of their house, they have negative equity. When compared to 2011, when over one-fourth of all borrowers were underwater, this is an improvement. Only 2.5% of borrowers have equity in their houses less than 10%. If property values do decline, this will give a significant amount of protection.

Just 3 percent of mortgages are past due, which is a record low for mortgage delinquencies. There are still fewer past-due mortgages now than before the epidemic, despite the dramatic rise in delinquencies during the first year. There are still 645,000 borrowers in mortgage forbearance programs connected to the pandemic that has helped millions of people recover.

Even though the pandemic-related forbearance programs have been exhausted by some 300,000 debtors, they are still overdue. Even though mortgage delinquencies are still at historically low levels, recent loan originations have seen a rise in the number of defaults.

The most pressing issue in the housing market right now is home affordability, which is at an all-time low in most regions. While inventory is increasing, it is still less than half of what it was before the pandemic. Rising inventory may ultimately chill house price rise, but the double-digit rate has shown to be extremely resilient thus far. As rising home costs begin to strain some buyers' finances, those who remain in the market should expect less competitive circumstances later in the year.

Home Values May Decline Regardless of a Recession

The housing market is based on a supply and demand cycle. A buyer's market exists when there is a big inventory of properties for sale, and property prices tend to decline. When inventory is low, however, residences are in high demand and the market shifts to a seller's market. It takes time to develop new dwellings and replenish supplies.

Housing prices will begin to fall if inventory grows and demand is fulfilled. Another reason that property prices have lately slowed is that individuals can no longer afford them. Income levels have not kept pace with house costs, and many first-time buyers who are still saddled with college loans cannot afford the extra weight of a mortgage.

The current housing inflation storm is driving buyers out of the market, contributing to the protracted period of extremely limited inventory—but sellers are still hesitant to lower prices. Waiting may be the best option for purchasers with time, regardless of whether there is a recession. According to Realtor.com, the number of houses for sale increased by the most in June 2022 on record. Active listings increased 18.7 percent year on year, but property prices remain persistently high.

In June, the national median listing price for active properties increased 16.9 percent from the previous month to $450,000. So far, property prices are up 31.4 percent from June 2020. It may take some time for values to fall because sellers are still trying to obtain top money for their property. Sellers are attempting to price their houses in line with recent comparables that closed in 2021—when mortgage rates were still at record lows and inventory was scarce.

However, many purchasers are waiting to see what happens in the autumn housing market, when there will be more inventory as well as greater competition. There is a lack of consensus on whether or not now is a good moment to purchase a house. In contrast to the most recent housing crash, which occurred during the financial crisis of 2008, we are currently experiencing growing inflation while job levels continue to be solid. The majority of economists were surprised by how quickly jobs were added in June.

The jobs market has been seen as the bulwark against a recession, and June’s numbers show that the employment pillar remains strong. Job growth accelerated at a much faster pace than expected in June, indicating that the main pillar of the U.S. economy remains strong despite pockets of weakness. Nonfarm payrolls increased 372,000 in the month, better than the 250,000 Dow Jones estimate and continuing what has been a strong year for job growth, according to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.

“The strong 372,000 gain in non-farm payrolls in June appears to make a mockery of claims the economy is heading into, let alone already in, a recession,” said Andrew Hunter, senior U.S. economist at Capital Economics.

The years that you anticipate living in the house is another factor that might play a role in determining whether or not you should buy it right away. Those who do not intend to remain in the house for at least five years after the purchase may end up losing money if the housing market experiences a crash after the purchase and they decide to sell. On the other side, attempting to time the market incorrectly might result in you missing out on the opportunity to purchase your ideal house.

You may be priced out of the market if interest rates continue to climb and home prices do not fall by an amount that is sufficient to compensate for high mortgage expenses. Buyers are in a better position to take advantage of the increasing availability of houses now that sellers are asking for more reasonable prices for their properties. If there is a downturn in the economy, mortgage interest rates will very certainly fall to about 4 percent or even lower. If it does, it could be a good time to hold off and save some money, especially for first-time homeowners.

Sources

https://www.forbes.com/advisor/mortgages/real-estate/housing-market-recession/
https://www.thetruthaboutmortgage.com/mortgage-rates-vs-recessions/
https://www.chase.com/personal/mortgage/education/financing-a-home/effects-of-recessions-on-mortgages
https://www.cnbc.com/2022/06/20/heres-why-this-housing-downturn-is-nothing-like-the-last-one.html

Where Are Housing Prices Falling 2022?

November 11, 2022 by Marco Santarelli

Fortune reached out Moody's Analytics to get access to its latest proprietary housing analysis. The financial intelligence business predicted home price changes in 414 markets between 2022 and 2024. Moody's Analytics expects that 210 of the nation's 414 major housing markets will see home prices falling in the next two years and 204 will see home prices rise. 183 of the 413 biggest U.S. home markets are “overvalued” by more than 25%. Boise, Idaho, is 71.7% overvalued, and Flagstaff, Arizona, is 60.6%.

Redfin revealed its “risk score” on Friday, which identifies the home markets that are most vulnerable to a “housing slump.” The greater a market's “risk score,” the more likely it is that house prices will fall year over year. Redfin examined 98 regional housing markets and evaluated indicators such as home-price volatility, average debt-to-income ratio, and home-price growth. Among the 98 markets measured by Redfin, Riverside had the highest likelihood of seeing a “housing downturn.”

It was followed by Boise, Cape Coral, North Port, Las Vegas, Sacramento, Bakersfield, Phoenix, Tampa, and Tucson. Popular migration destinations where home prices soared during the pandemic, such as Boise, Phoenix, and Tampa, are most likely to see the effects of a housing downturn amplified and year-over-year home prices decline if the economy enters a recession, a scenario that some economists believe is likely as inflation persists and stock markets stumble.

<<<Also Read: Will the Housing Market Crash? >>>

Homeowners in those markets who are considering selling should market their properties as soon as possible to avoid price drops. Rust Belt cities like Cleveland and Buffalo, which are still inexpensive, are the most resilient to a housing market crash. The U.S. housing market slowed significantly in the spring due to rising mortgage rates. Redfin studied which metros are most vulnerable to home-price reductions if the country enters a recession and which are most immune to an economic slump.

Recession-proof northern metros, including Cleveland and Buffalo, NY, are relatively inexpensive. Prospective homebuyers in these places can proceed with confidence. Redfin's examination of 98 U.S. metros with relevant data utilizes home-price volatility, average debt-to-income ratio, and home-price growth. Each metro is given an overall risk score relative to the others. 100 indicates the highest possibility of a housing market slump, including home-price decreases, while 0 indicates the lowest.

“Recession fears are escalating, mostly because the Fed has signaled it will continue to raise interest rates to tame inflation and cool consumer demand. Higher interest rates led to surging mortgage rates, which have already cooled down the housing market,” said Redfin Senior Economist Sheharyar Bokhari. “If the U.S. does enter a recession, we’re unlikely to see a housing-market crash like in the Great Recession because the factors affecting the economy are different: Most homeowners have a fair amount of home equity and not much debt and unemployment is low.”

Housing Markets at Risk of Falling Home Prices

If the U.S. enters a recession, Riverside's home market will chill the most. It has the highest danger score of any major U.S. city, 84. It's more likely than other metros to see prices drop year over year during a recession or economic slowdown, according to housing and economic statistics. Riverside, which includes San Bernardino, Ontario, and Palm Springs, has variable house values and was a favorite location during the epidemic for both permanent movers and second-home buyers.

Riverside is followed by Boise (76.9), Cape Coral, FL (76.7), North Port, FL (75), and Las Vegas (74.2).

Sacramento, CA (73.1), Bakersfield, CA (72.2), Phoenix (72), Tampa, FL (70.7), and Tucson, AZ (70.1) round out the top 10.

Many of these housing markets, like Riverside, are popular migration destinations or have quickly growing property prices, both of which increase their likelihood of a housing slump. Boise, Cape Coral, North Port, Las Vegas, Sacramento, and Phoenix were among the 20 fastest-cooling areas in May when mortgage rates reached 5.5%. As the economy continues to decline, prices may fall in many of these metros. Six of the 10 areas most at risk of downturns are among the most popular destinations for Redfin.com users moving from one metro to another.

Maricopa County (Phoenix) and Riverside County gained more residents from other parts of the U.S. than anywhere else in 2021, according to the U.S. Census. The most vulnerable metros have likewise seen an outsized price rise. North Port has the nation's fastest-growing house values, up 30.5 percent year over year in May, followed by Tampa (28.1 percent) and Las Vegas (26.8 percent ). Overall, nine of the ten most vulnerable locations had faster-growing house values than the national median (the exception is Sacramento, however, home prices there rose more than 40% throughout the pandemic, reaching $610,000 in May 2022).

Several of those metros went from inexpensive to unaffordable during the epidemic, owing in part to the migration of individuals from other locations. Among them is Boise, where the typical home price increased from $330,000 to $550,000 between May 2020 and May 2022, and Phoenix, where it increased from $300,000 to $485,000.

“Boise’s market is already turning around, as a lot of the people who moved to Idaho during the pandemic are either moving back to their hometowns or cashing in and moving to more affordable places. The housing market was hot during the pandemic, largely because of out-of-town buyers,” said Boise Redfin agent Shauna Pendleton.

Three at-risk metros are in California and three in Florida. San Jose, Oakland, and San Francisco experienced relatively moderate price increases throughout the epidemic, its people tend to have high salaries and considerable home equity, and their housing markets started falling fast in the first half of 2022, mainly owing to collapsing tech stocks. Not all homes in these metros will lose value. Large single-family houses in spread-out areas are recession-proof.

Housing Markets in Which Prices Are Unlikely to Fall

Relatively affordable Rust Belt metros are most resilient in the face of a recession. In case of a recession, Akron, Ohio has the lowest risk of experiencing a housing decline. It has the lowest total risk score of any major US city at 29.6. Low home-price volatility, a low debt-to-income ratio, a small number of second houses, and the fact that properties in Akron are unlikely to be flipped are some of the characteristics that make the city relatively stable.

With an overall risk score of 30.4, Akron is followed by Philadelphia, Montgomery County, PA (31.4), El Paso, TX (32.2), and Cleveland (32.4). The top ten include Cincinnati (32.6), Boston (32.6), Buffalo, NY (33.1), Kansas City, MO (33.4), and Rochester, NY (34.4). Almost all of those metros are inexpensive and have relatively slow-increasing prices, both of which would benefit their housing markets in the event of a recession.

Almost all of the most resilient metros are located in the northern United States, either in the Rust Belt or on the East Coast. Three of them are in Ohio, two in New York, and two in Pennsylvania. In nine of the ten most resilient metros, prices climbed at a slower rate than the national average (El Paso is the exception).

Seven of the 10 metros least in danger of a housing downturn had a median sale price below $300,000 in May, and nine of them were below the $431,000 national median. Affordability benefits property markets in a recession because more people can buy houses, and such locations may attract out-of-town buyers. Boston is pricey, although property prices climbed modestly throughout the epidemic. It's busy and lost residents as remote work became prevalent.

U.S. Metros Most and Least Susceptible to a Housing Downturn in the Next Recession

Ranked by highest to the lowest chance of a housing downturn. The ranking combines 10 indicators to come up with an overall risk score for each metro, relative to the other metros in this analysis. The highest possible score is 100 and the lowest possible score is 0. The indicators are as follows: home price volatility, average debt-to-income ratio, average home-loan-to-value ratio, labor market shock, percent of homes flipped, how much the housing market is “cooling” compared with other metros, the year-over-year change in domestic migration, the share of homes in the metro that are second homes, year-over-year price growth and elasticity of supply. Each factor is weighted equally.

U.S. Metro Area	Overall Score	Average Home-Loan-to-Value Ratio, 2021	Percent of Homes Flipped in 2021	Rank: How Quickly Housing Market Cooled in First Half of 2022	Net Domestic Migration in 2021, YoY	Share of Second Homes, 2021	Price Growth in 2021, YoY
Riverside, CA	84	83%	4.50%	15	19,204	7.70%	21.00%
Boise, ID	76.9			6	6,782	6.00%	30.90%
Cape Coral, FL	76.7	81%	2.90%	11	7,345	23.40%	23.60%
North Port, FL	75	79%	4.40%	18	8,283	20.20%	23.30%
Las Vegas, NV	74.2	84%	8.30%	12	-15,143	7.60%	18.60%
Sacramento, CA	73.1	81%	5.40%	2	4,157	4.30%	19.30%
Bakersfield, CA	72.2	87%	3.80%	21	6,111	2.50%	17.30%
Phoenix, AZ	72	82%	10.30%	17	-15,530	7.20%	25.40%
Tampa, FL	70.7	85%	7.40%	22	524	8.10%	19.60%
Tucson, AZ	70.1	84%	7.70%	54	-2,677	7.10%	21.50%
San Diego, CA	69.8	81%	5.30%	8	-8,189	3.70%	17.50%
Jacksonville, FL	69.3	85%	7.20%	36	4,136	6.20%	16.60%
Stockton, CA	68.2	84%	4.70%	5	3,578	1.00%	19.30%
Knoxville, TN	67	86%	4.60%	13	4,527	5.20%	18.30%
Orlando, FL	63.8	85%	6.40%	31	-6,536	8.70%	16.70%
Charleston, SC	63.4	85%	3.80%	67	-2,921	7.60%	15.40%
West Palm Beach, FL	63.3	80%	3.10%	30	972	12.00%	17.40%
Fresno, CA	60.6	85%	4.70%	37	2,719	2.90%	17.90%
Raleigh, NC	60.4	83%	8.90%	42	3,430	2.60%	17.50%
Oxnard, CA	59.8	79%	2.50%	28	323	3.30%	16.70%
Salt Lake City, UT	57.7				-3,020	2.00%	22.80%
Columbia, SC	56.9	90%	4.40%		2,296	3.20%
Providence, RI	56.6	85%	2.70%	44	3,664	3.90%	15.40%
Atlanta, GA	56.4	86%	9.90%	47	-4,229	2.20%	19.20%
Miami, FL	56.3	82%	2.90%	53	-5,120	5.90%	18.60%
Charlotte, NC	56.1	85%	10.10%		-6,444	2.70%	16.50%
Virginia Beach, VA	55.8	92%	3.20%	80	864	3.40%	8.30%
Tacoma, WA	55.5			9	-3,571	1.70%	19.80%
Detroit, MI	54.8	87%	5.20%	70	-2,062	1.00%	15.40%
Los Angeles, CA	54.8	79%	4.10%	46	-69,329	1.90%	17.30%
Austin, TX	54.6			16	-8,609	3.90%	31.60%
Portland, OR	54.3	82%	3.70%	14	-17,716	2.30%	15.40%
Anaheim, CA	53.9	76%	4.50%	20	-6,644	3.80%	16.00%
Denver, CO	53.8	82%	6.90%	7	-18,063	2.40%	16.70%
Colorado Springs, CO	53.7	87%	5.00%		693	2.50%
Baton Rouge, LA	52.4	89%	3.00%		2,287	2.40%	9.80%
Greenville, SC	52.1	85%	3.50%	32	1,771	4.70%	14.00%
Winston-Salem, NC	51.9	87%	5.10%			2.70%	13.70%
Grand Rapids, MI	51.7	86%	3.60%	29	1,028	2.40%	15.20%
Greensboro, NC	51.7	87%	6.70%	38	-181	2.10%	11.80%
Warren, MI	50.5	86%	2.90%	35	6,180	1.60%	11.40%
Tulsa, OK	50.1	88%	3.40%	45	2,325	2.10%	12.50%
Fort Lauderdale, FL	49.9	82%	3.00%	72	-5,121	7.50%	13.30%
Fort Worth, TX	49.6			50	1,978	1.70%	18.30%
Nashville, TN	49.3	84%	8.30%	48	-6,093	3.40%	17.00%
Allentown, PA	48.6	87%	2.20%	62	3,722	3.40%	14.20%
Camden, NJ	47.9	88%	3.00%	75	4,300	0.50%	17.90%
Houston, TX	47.7			24	-334	2.90%	15.50%
Seattle, WA	47.6	79%	1.90%	4	-37,365	1.80%	17.20%
Nassau County, NY	47.4	80%	3.60%	58	12,296	4.70%	15.20%
Albuquerque, NM	46.8				-1,714	2.80%
New Orleans, LA	46.6	88%	2.90%	23	-3,930	3.40%	10.70%
San Antonio, TX	46.6			40	-138	2.90%	15.10%
San Jose, CA	46.4	74%	2.50%	1	-22,661	0.80%	13.60%
San Francisco, CA	46.3	72%	1.90%	10	-55,918	2.40%	4.80%
Oakland, CA	45.8	78%	2.60%	3	-23,280	1.00%	16.30%
Dallas, TX	45.4			40	-5,685	1.70%	17.90%
Richmond, VA	45.4	87%	3.70%	59	1,995	1.40%	12.30%
Oklahoma City, OK	45.3	88%	5.10%	52	476	1.70%	10.60%
Washington, D.C.	44.2	87%	2.50%	28	-35,800	1.50%	10.10%
New Haven, CT	44.1	87%	2.00%	82	4,492	1.90%	15.80%
Birmingham, AL	43.4	88%	5.90%	68	95	1.40%	8.40%
Little Rock, AR	43.1	89%	4.90%	43	472	1.80%	10.70%
Frederick, MD	42.9	84%	2.00%	25	-58	0.90%	11.70%
Memphis, TN	42.7	87%	7.50%	33	-535	1.20%	13.30%
Honolulu, HI	42.6	79%	0.50%	19		6.20%	7.80%
St. Louis, MO	42.2	86%	3.40%		-2,214	1.30%	10.10%
Baltimore, MD	41.9	86%	2.60%	74	6,085	1.40%	8.50%
Bridgeport, CT	41.7	81%	1.10%	88	8,871	2.00%	11.60%
Worcester, MA	40.8	86%	1.80%	57	3,354	1.20%	16.10%
Indianapolis, IN	39.9			41	902	1.40%	13.50%
Newark, NJ	39.3	84%	1.90%	73	7,348	2.80%	13.20%
Wichita, KS	39.3				-1,813	1.10%	12.50%
Lake County, IL	38.6	85%	1.80%	87	2,746	1.70%	14.40%
Louisville, KY	38.6	87%	4.80%	34	-378	1.20%	9.70%
Wilmington, DE	37.8	88%	2.80%	64	738	1.80%	11.30%
Hartford, CT	36.8	86%	1.70%	80	7,182	1.80%	12.00%
Minneapolis, MN	36.8	85%	3.70%	50	-10,673	1.30%	11.10%
Gary, IN	36.7				939	1.20%	9.70%
Pittsburgh, PA	36.4	87%	1.60%	76	-337	1.50%	12.70%
Elgin, IL	35.8	84%	1.10%	60	3,590	0.60%	11.50%
New York, NY	35.4	78%	1.70%	48	-2,01,570	2.80%	12.30%
Syracuse, NY	35.2	86%	2.20%		1,510	3.30%	11.00%
Milwaukee, WI	35.1	86%	3.30%	79	-2,993	1.40%	7.20%
Omaha, NE	35.1	87%	4.90%	56	-237	1.30%	9.70%
Albany, NY	34.5	87%	2.00%	90	3,521	2.80%	13.70%
Chicago, IL	34.4	86%	1.80%	70	-32,998	1.30%	11.70%
Columbus, OH	34.2	85%	3.40%	61	2,507	1.40%	13.50%
Rochester, NY	34	85%	2.00%	86	1,330	3.20%	12.60%
Kansas City, MO	33.4				-1,491	1.30%	10.90%
Buffalo, NY	33.1	86%	2.60%	78	1,877	1.40%	17.00%
Boston, MA	32.6	79%	1.20%	63	-23,964	2.80%	12.20%
Cincinnati, OH	32.6	87%	3.90%	84	-360	1.30%	13.90%
Cleveland, OH	32.4	86%	2.50%	71	225	1.20%	9.50%
El Paso, TX	32.2			89	-24	1.80%	13.90%
Montgomery County, PA	31.4	83%	1.80%	66	6,685	0.80%	11.00%
Philadelphia, PA	30.4	86%	2.00%	64	-15,721	1.40%	10.10%
Akron, OH	29.6	87%	2.70%	83	2,029	1.20%	7.90%

Source: https://www.redfin.com/news/metros-recession-risk-housing-downturn-2022/

2009 Recession Ends – The Road to Real Estate Recovery

August 7, 2009 by Marco Santarelli

All economists and our financial markets are betting on this quarter to produce positive GDP. Positive GDP marks the ending of the recession. Unfortunately with low wages and high unemployment the consumer will feel less positive over the next year. Still we are marking an end to the worst recession since the Great Depression and everyone should be pleased with this.

Road to REAL ESTATE RECOVERY

Now let's talk about real estate and recovery; The regional markets that had received the highest historical appreciation rates during 2003 to 2006 also had some of the largest price adjustments over the past 36 months. States that had these incredible high real estate returns, like California and Florida, have also seen the highest incidents of foreclosures. Logic would dictate that these markets will bounce back the fastest, but unfortunately they too will recover slowly as will the rest of the nation. An economic recession takes time to unwind and buyer exuberance usually only occurs once the entire nation is certain that the real estate market can only have one trend, up.

The psychology of man dictates that a deep recession brings about caution for some time to come (probably a few years). The States that had some of the highest swings will once again have the highest appreciation. Still it is best not to hold your breath for this in areas like California and Florida until old wounds heal (likely a few more years). In the meantime, recovery is with us. Recovery means price declines stop and appreciation kicks in. We are already seeing this in the hardest hit areas with homes priced at or around mean home pricing.

The June 2009 numbers just came out for pending home sales. We had the FIFTH STRAIGHT MONTH of pending home sales increases (up 3.6% month to month) and over a 6% increase compared to June 2008. Real estate, like any form of investment, has cyclical patterns that are dependent upon supply and demand. Optimism will once again kick in and sellers, buyers, developers all become happy over time.

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