2025 Was a Tough Year for the Housing Market as Prices Hit Records and Sales Slumped

Let's get straight to it: 2025 was a challenging year for the housing market, with home prices reaching new highs while the number of homes being sold took a noticeable dip. It felt like a year where owning a piece of the American dream became a more distant goal for many, myself included as someone who's been watching these trends closely. While December showed some glimmers of hope, the overarching story of 2025 was one of affordability struggles and tight inventory.

2025 Was a Tough Year for the Housing Market as Prices Hit Records and Sales Slumped

As you navigated the news, you likely saw headlines about soaring prices. It wasn't just a feeling; it was a reality. The National Association of REALTORS® (NAR) reported that the median existing-home price climbed to a record-breaking $405,400 in December. That’s a 0.4% increase from the previous year, marking a persistent trend of rising prices that has been ongoing for 30 consecutive months. Think about that – nearly two and a half years of steady price hikes. It’s enough to make anyone watching their budget feel a bit squeezed.

The Big Picture: A Slump in Sales Amidst Price Peaks

The most striking aspect of 2025 was this strange tug-of-war between rising prices and falling sales. It’s a recipe that often leaves potential buyers frustrated and sellers wondering if now is the right time to list. According to the NAR’s report, while December saw a 5.1% jump in existing-home sales compared to the month before, bringing the annual rate to 4.35 million, the year-over-year increase was a more modest 1.4%. This means that while things picked up at the very end of the year, the overall volume of sales throughout 2025 was still relatively sluggish compared to previous periods.

Personally, I see this as a direct consequence of affordability taking a hit. When prices keep going up and incomes don't quite keep pace, more and more people get priced out of the market. It’s a tough pill to swallow for aspiring homeowners who have diligently saved for a down payment and are ready to take that next step.

Why Were Sales So Sluggish? Let’s Dig Deeper

So, what exactly drove this slump in sales? Several factors seemed to be at play:

• Record High Prices: As mentioned, $405,400 was the median price in December. This meant that even with a slight improvement in mortgage rates, the sheer cost of entry remained a significant barrier for many.
• Low Inventory: This is perhaps the biggest villain of the story. NAR reported that unsold inventory in December stood at a mere 1.18 million units. This is a significant 18.1% decrease from November and only a marginal 3.5% increase from December 2024. What does this mean in practical terms? It translates to a supply of only 3.3 months of unsold homes. Ideally, a healthy housing market has about 4-6 months of supply, giving buyers more choices and a bit more room to negotiate. When inventory is this low, bidding wars become more common, and prices can be pushed even higher.
• Homeowners Hesitant to Sell: A lot of current homeowners are sitting on historically low mortgage rates from previous years. Why would they sell their current home, which they might have a 3% or 4% mortgage on, to buy a new one with a much higher rate and a dauntingly high price tag? This reluctance to list their homes further tightens the already limited supply. NAR Chief Economist Lawrence Yun touched on this, noting that “With fewer sellers feeling eager to move, homeowners are taking their time deciding when to list or delist their homes.” From my perspective, this “lock-in effect” is a huge contributor to the inventory crunch we’re seeing.

A Look at the Numbers: What the NAR Report Tells Us

The NAR report provides a detailed breakdown, and it’s worth looking at some of the key figures:

As you can see, the sales numbers are improving month-over-month, which is definitely a positive sign. However, the inventory remains critically low, and prices, though only slightly up year-over-year, are still at record levels.

Regional Differences: Not All Markets Experienced the Same Pain

While the national picture was challenging, different regions experienced these trends to varying degrees.

• The South saw a robust 6.9% increase in sales month-over-month, with an annual rate of 2.02 million. They also boasted a slight 3.6% increase in sales year-over-year, but interestingly, the median price in the South decreased by 0.3% to $360,200. This might indicate areas where demand is strong but prices are beginning to moderate slightly.
• The West also showed strong month-over-month growth in sales (6.6%), reaching an annual rate of 810,000. Year-over-year sales were unchanged, but the median price saw a 1.4% dip to $605,600. This is still a very high median price, but the slight decrease might offer a sliver of relief.
• The Northeast saw a 2.0% increase in sales month-over-month, but a 1.9% decrease year-over-year. Prices here remained high, with a median of $496,700, up 3.7% from the previous year.
• The Midwest experienced a 2.0% increase in sales month-over-month, with sales holding steady year-over-year. This region offered the most affordable median price at $306,000, up 3.1% from last year.

A Ray of Hope: Lower Mortgage Rates and Price Growth Slowdown

Despite the overall gloom, there were some encouraging signs, particularly towards the end of the year. Mortgage rates continued to trend downwards, with the average 30-year fixed-rate mortgage hitting 6.19% in December, down from 6.24% in November and a noticeable drop from 6.72% a year ago. This is a significant factor that can influence affordability.

Lawrence Yun also pointed out that in the fourth quarter, “conditions began improving, with lower mortgage rates and slower home price growth.” This moderation in price increases, even if slight, could be the beginning of a much-needed stabilization for the market.

What Does This Mean for You?

If you're a buyer, 2025 was a year that tested your patience and your budget. The good news is that the slight uptick in sales and the easing of mortgage rates in December suggest that things might slowly start to shift. However, with inventory still tight, it’s crucial to be prepared, pre-approved for a mortgage, and ready to act when the right property comes along.

For sellers, while prices remain high, the slump in sales might mean being more strategic with your pricing and marketing. Understanding buyer demand in your specific area is key.

Looking ahead, it’s clear that the housing market is in a period of adjustment. While 2025 presented significant hurdles, the late-year improvements offer a hopeful outlook, and I’ll be watching closely to see if this momentum continues into 2026.